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Pre-Depression Investigation of Cloud-systems in the Tropics
Weather
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2010-08-15 2010-09-30 - 1
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The Campaign
The Pre-Depression Investigation of Cloud-systems in the Tropics (PREDICT) was an NCAR-led field campaign to improve the prediction and understanding of tropical cyclogenesis. It consisted of a single deployment based in St. Croix, US Virgin Islands, from August to September 2010. The NSF/NCAR G-V aircraft collected measurements of tropical disturbances using dropsondes and in situ cloud and meteorological probes to study how these disturbances develop into tropical cyclones. PREDICT was funded by NSF, NASA, and NOAA as part of a tri-agency collaboration and supported NASA’s Genesis and Rapid Intensification Processes (GRIP) experiment and NOAA’s Intensity Forecasting Experiment (IFEX).
2010-08-15 — 2010-09-30
St. Croix, U.S. Virgin Islands, Tropical North Atlantic Basin
boreal fall, boreal summer
N: 30°N
S: 5°N
W: 88°W
E: 38°W
Additional Notes
Repositories
data center outside NASA
TROPICAL CYCLOGENESIS
TROPICAL DISTURBANCES
TROPICAL CYCLONES
CLOUDS
CLOUD PROPERTIES
Slide 1 of 1
Gulfstream-V
10 Campaigns · 47 Instruments
Generic-Atmospheric State (Gen-AtmsState) refers to non-specific instruments on a platform that measure atmospheric state parameters. These are typically in situ sensors that measure temperature, pressure, humidity, and wind speed and direction. Types of atmospheric state instruments include thermometers, hygrometers, barometers, and anemometers.
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Water Vapor
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Pressure
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Water Vapor > Water Vapor Indicators > Humidity
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Temperature > Surface Temperature > Air Temperature
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Winds > Upper Level Winds > Wind Direction
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Winds > Upper Level Winds > Wind Speed
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Pressure > Atmospheric Pressure Measurements
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Winds > Surface Winds > Wind Direction
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Temperature
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Winds > Surface Winds > Wind Speed
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Winds
The Condensation Nuclei Counter (CNC) is an in situ optical sensor produced by Droplet Measurement Technologies and TSI, Inc. It detects cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) by supersaturating the sampled air, making CCN particles detectable. The particles are then measured by an optical particle counter (OPC). The CNC detects particles from 0.75 to 10 μm in diameter and operates at a sampling rate of 1 Hz. It is suitable for both airborne and ground-based operations.
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Clouds > Cloud Microphysics
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Aerosols > Cloud Condensation Nuclei
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Clouds > Cloud Microphysics > Cloud Condensation Nuclei
The King Probe is an in situ airborne cloud instrument developed by Warren King (Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation) and manufactured by Particle Measuring Systems (PMS) and Droplet Measurement Technologies (DMT). It measures cloud liquid water content (LWC) by detecting the heat released during droplet vaporization. It operates at a constant temperature of approximately 100°C and outputs data at 1 to 10 Hz. The probe is commonly used in studies of cloud microphysics and aircraft icing.
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Clouds > Cloud Microphysics
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Clouds > Cloud Microphysics > Cloud Liquid Water/ice
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Clouds
The Ultra-High Sensitivity Aerosol Spectrometer (UHSAS), developed by Droplet Measurement Technologies, is an in situ spectrometer that can be deployed on airborne and ground-based platforms to measure aerosol size distribution and concentration. It determines particle size by detecting peak light signals from aerosol particles illuminated by a 1054 nm laser. It samples particles in the 60–1000 nm size range and operates at a sampling frequency of 10 Hz.
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Aerosols
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Aerosols > Aerosol Particle Properties
Dropsondes, also known as dropwindsondes, are in situ instruments released from aircraft. They are equipped with Global Positioning System (GPS) receivers and sensors that collect vertical profiles of pressure, temperature, humidity, wind speed, and wind direction. Dropsondes are important during field investigations because they enable researchers to collect vertical profiles in remote locations and during severe weather. Typically, dropsondes have a vertical resolution of 5 meters and provide wind speed and direction measurements every 0.25 seconds, while temperature, pressure, and humidity are recorded every 0.5 seconds.
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Winds > Wind Profiles
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Pressure
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Winds > Wind Profiles > Wind Velocity/speed Profiles
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Water Vapor > Water Vapor Indicators > Humidity
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Winds > Wind Profiles > Wind Direction Profiles
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Temperature
The Small Ice Detector 3 (SID-3) is an in situ airborne particle imager developed by the University of Hertfordshire. It measures high-resolution angular scattering patterns of individual cloud particles to determine particle size distribution and number concentration. It operates at 532 nm and detects particles from 5 to 50 μm. SID-3 provides number concentration measurements typically every 1 second and particle size distribution measurements every 10 seconds.
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Clouds > Cloud Microphysics > Particle Size Distribution
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Clouds > Cloud Microphysics > Cloud Droplet Concentration/size
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Clouds > Cloud Microphysics
The Counterflow Virtual Impactor (CVI) is an in situ airborne instrument that samples cloud droplets by removing them from the surrounding air through inertial impaction. It is typically deployed with additional sensors to measure cloud particle concentration, cloud liquid water, and water vapor in the sampled droplets. The CVI can detect cloud droplets as small as 7 microns in diameter and has a typical time response of 1 second.
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Clouds > Cloud Microphysics
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Clouds > Cloud Microphysics > Cloud Liquid Water/ice
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Clouds > Cloud Microphysics > Cloud Droplet Concentration/size
The Microwave Temperature Profiler (MTP) is an airborne microwave radiometer developed by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory and later modified by NCAR. It measures brightness temperature from oxygen molecules at 56.363 GHz, 57.612 GHz, and 58.363 GHz. These measurements are converted to air temperature through a statistical retrieval process. It samples across 10 viewing angles and has a vertical resolution of 150 m near the aircraft. MTP provides profiles every 17 seconds, with about 4 km of horizontal spacing.
Earth Science > Spectral/engineering > Microwave > Brightness Temperature
The 2D-C/P Hydrometeor Imaging Probe (2D-C/P) is an in situ, airborne instrument that captures images of hydrometeors. It records these images by detecting the illuminated or shadowed states of the photodiode array as the hydrometeors' shadows pass over it. 2D-C/P also provides measurements of particle size distribution, cloud droplet concentration, and hydrometeor shape. Typically, 2D-C/P probes have an image resolution of 25 micrometers and can image hydrometeors with diameters up to 1600 micrometers.
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Clouds > Cloud Microphysics > Particle Size Distribution
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Clouds > Cloud Microphysics > Cloud Droplet Concentration/size
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Clouds > Cloud Microphysics
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Precipitation > Hydrometeors
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Precipitation
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Clouds
The GNSS Instrument System for Multi-static and Occultation Sensing (GISMOS) is an airborne remote sensing system developed by Purdue University. It detects occulted and reflected signals from the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) at 10 MHz. These signals are used to determine tropospheric water vapor profiles, ocean surface roughness, and soil moisture during long-duration, high-altitude flights. GISMOS has a data rate of 5 Hz.
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Water Vapor
Earth Science > Land Surface > Soils > Soil Moisture/water Content
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Water Vapor > Water Vapor Profiles
Earth Science > Land Surface > Topography > Surface Roughness
The Three-View Particle Imager (3V-CPI) is an in-situ airborne spectrometer and particle imager manufactured by SPEC, Inc. The 3V-CPI integrates a Cloud Particle Imager (CPI) and a 2D-Stereo Particle Probe (2D-S). Its primary function is to capture high-resolution images that determine the size, shape, and concentration of hydrometeors. The 3V-CPI offers 10 μm resolution and can detect hydrometeors up to 1280 μm.
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Precipitation > Droplet Size
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Clouds > Cloud Microphysics > Cloud Condensation Nuclei
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Precipitation > Hydrometeors
Digital cameras provide imagery for research applications. Cameras are mounted on aircraft to collect aerial imagery for mapping and surveying, environmental monitoring, cloud observations, agriculture, geological studies, and other Earth science applications. They are also deployed at field sites to capture visual observations that monitor changes in land cover, vegetation, clouds, air quality, glaciers, and other phenomena.
Earth Science > Spectral/engineering > Visible Wavelengths > Visible Imagery
The Rosemount Icing Detector (RICE) is an in-situ airborne probe developed by Rosemount Inc. It uses magnetostrictive oscillation to detect shifts in frequency caused by ice accumulating on the sensing cylinder. These frequency changes correlate with the rate of ice buildup, which helps determine liquid water content. RICE typically samples every second.
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Clouds > Cloud Properties
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Clouds > Cloud Microphysics > Cloud Liquid Water/ice
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Clouds > Cloud Microphysics
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Clouds
The Cloud Droplet Probe (CDP) is an in situ cloud probe manufactured by Droplet Measurement Technologies. It measures the particle size distribution and concentration of cloud particles in the 2-50 μm range. The CDP detects pulses of light scattered by a 658 nm laser to count and size individual cloud droplets. It has a typical measurement rate of 1 Hz and can detect concentrations of up to 2000 particles per cubic centimeter.
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Clouds > Cloud Microphysics > Particle Size Distribution
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Clouds
Earth Science > Atmosphere > Clouds > Cloud Microphysics
Events
1 Deployment
1 IOP
4 Significant Events
NSF, NASA, NOAA
Currently unavailable
Currently unavailable
Michael Montgomery, Andrew Heymsfield, Chris Davis, Lance Bosart
Currently unavailable
data center outside NASA
NASA, NOAA