Endeavor
R/V Endeavor

The Absorption and Attenuation Meter (ac-9) is an in situ water-based spectrophotometer by WET Labs, Inc. It measures water's attenuation and absorption simultaneously across a spectral range of 412-715 nm. It can operate at depths of up to 500 or 5000 meters and has a nominal sample rate of 6 Hz.

The ECO BB9 Backscattering Sensor is an in situ water-based optical sensor manufactured by WET Labs, Inc. It measures scattering at 9 wavelengths (412-715 nm) at a 117-degree angle. It can provide scattering measurements to an ocean depth of 600 m and in temperatures from 0 to 30 degrees Celsius. ECO BB9 has a sample rate of 1 Hz.

The Hyperspectral Surface Acquisition System Polarimeter (HyperSAS-POL) is a hyperspectral radiometer developed by the Optical Remote Sensing Laboratory at City College of New York (CCNY). It is typically deployed on research vessels and other water-based platforms. It measures sky and sea radiance across 180 wavelengths from 305 to 905 nm at a single azimuthal angle. HyperSAS-POL records data every 30 minutes to produce high-resolution time series.

The Multi-spectral Volume Scattering Meter (MVSM) is an in situ water-based optical instrument. It measures the volume scattering function (VSF) across eight wavelength bands (443-620 nm) at scattering angles from 0.5 to 179 degrees, with 0.25-degree intervals. It can also operate at a single wavelength of 532 nm. The device uses a rotating prism and provides two VSF measurements: one from 90 to 180 degrees in ascending order and another from 180 to 360 degrees in descending order. The MVSM has a sample volume of 1.5 liters and collects measurements in about 1 minute per band.

The LISST Submersible Particle Size Analyzer is a water-based, in situ particle analyzer manufactured by Sequoia Scientific. It uses laser diffraction to measure suspended particle size and concentration in aquatic environments, including the ocean, rivers, lakes, and streams. It provides particle size distribution from 1 μm to 500 μm across 36 size ranges. It has a maximum operating depth of 600 m, a resolution of 0.01 m, and a typical sampling rate of 1 Hz. The instrument's laser operates at 670 nm with an optical path of 25 mm.

Sunphotometers are passive optical sensors that measure the amount of sunlight. They are pointed directly at the sun to measure direct sunlight, not sunlight scattered by aerosols. These measurements can be used to determine aerosol optical depth by applying Beer’s Law. Sunphotometers have been deployed on aircraft, research vessels, and field sites for aerosol research and monitoring.